Everything about Thalweg totally explained
Thalweg (; an
English word compounded from the German elements
Thal (since
Duden's
orthography reform of 1901 written
Tal) meaning
valley, and
Weg, meaning
way) is a term adopted into
English usage for
geography and
geomorphology. It signifies the deepest continuous line along a
valley or
watercourse.
In
hydrology, the
thalweg (sometimes called the "valley line") is a line drawn to join the lowest points along the entire length of a streambed or valley in its downward slope, defining its deepest channel. It thus marks the natural direction (the profile) of a watercourse. The thalweg is almost always the line of fastest flow in any river. The term is also sometimes used to refer to a subterranean stream that percolates under the surface and in the same general direction as the surface stream.
In
geomorphology, the
thalweg is the continuous line that follows the path of maximum slope or descent between two points. As such, it's at right angles to all contour lines. This definition encompasses the line connecting the lowest points along the valley floor or bed of a stream.
The
thalweg principle is the principle which defines the
border between two
states separated by a watercourse as lying along the thalweg. The precise drawing of river borders has been important on countless occasions; notable examples include the
Shatt al-Arab (known as Arvand Rud in Iran) between
Iraq and Iran, the
Danube in central
Europe, the
Kasikili/Sedudu Island dispute between
Namibia and
Botswana, settled by the
International Court of Justice in
1999.
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